ARE YOU:
Looking for professional development but do not have the time to take off from work?
Looking for refresher course on specific engineering topics and cannot find an intensive course to serve your needs?
This may be your ideal Professional Development course!
Find out more on how the Professional Development Distance Program may work for you - Click here
Duration:
This course is approximately 6-8 weeks in duration.
Learning Method:
The PDDP program is more of a self-guided learning style.
You are required to read the notes and materials given, complete the follow-up assignments on your own, send in your questions prior to your 1 hour webinar meeting (if required) and be involved in live discussion via the internet.
Once you have completed the course, you will receive a certificate of completion
Introduction
This seminar will provide a comprehensive understanding of various types of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers, steam turbines, compressors, pumps, transformers and generators. All the components of CFB boilers including furnace, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, ammonia injection systems, electrostatic precipitators, polishing dry scrubbers, fuel and sorbent feeding systems, bottom ash handling and extraction systems as well as all the components of steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems will be covered in detail. The design, selection considerations, operation, maintenance, diagnostic testing, troubleshooting, refurbishment, pay-back period, and economics as well as, alkali boil out, chemical cleaning of the boiler, emission limits, reliability, monitoring, control systems, and commissioning procedures of CFB boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems will also be covered thoroughly. This seminar will focus on maximizing the efficiency, common problems and solutions, reliability, and longevity of CFB boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems by providing an understanding of the characteristics, selection criteria, common problems, and repair techniques, preventive and predictive maintenance. All the common problems encountered with this equipment will be discussed in detail. Solutions will be presented to each problem.
This seminar is a MUST for anyone who is involved in the selection, applications, or maintenance of circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems because it covers how this equipment operates, the latest maintenance techniques, and provides guidelines and rules that ensure successful operation. This seminar will also provide up-dated information in respect to all the significant improvements that have been made to this equipment during the last two decades.
Who Should Attend
- Engineers of all disciplines
- Managers
- Technicians
- Maintenance personnel
- Other technical individuals
Seminar Outcome
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Components and Systems: Learn about all components and subsystems of the various types of circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Applications, Performance and Economics: Examine the applications, performance and economics of circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Equipment: Learn about various equipment of circulating fluidized bed boilers including: furnaces, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, ammonia injection systems, electrostatic precipitators, polishing dry scrubbers, fuel and sorbent feeding systems, bottom ash handling and extraction systems and materials, impellers, volute, casing, mechanical seals, relays, rotors, and stators.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Maintenance: Learn all the maintenance activities required for circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems to minimize their operating cost and maximize their efficiency, reliability, and longevity.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers Environmental Emissions: Learn about the monitoring and control of environmental emissions from circulating fluidized boilers.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Instrumentation and Control Systems: Learn about the latest instrumentation and control systems of circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Reliability and Testing: Increase your knowledge of predictive and preventive maintenance, reliability and testing of circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Selection and Applications: Gain a detailed understanding of the selection considerations and applications of circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Reliability, Refurbishment, and Life Extension Methods: Learn about the reliability, life cycle cost, profitability, refurbishment, and life extension methods for all types of circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Commissioning: Understand all the commissioning requirements of circulating fluidized bed boiler, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
- Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, Steam Turbines, Pumps, Compressors, Transformers, Generators and Excitation Systems Codes and Standards: Learn all the codes and standards applicable for circulating fluidized bed boilers, steam turbines, pumps, compressors, transformers, generators and excitation systems.
Training Methodology
The instructor relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all the delegates gain a complete understanding of all the topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization.
Special Feature
Each delegate will receive a digital copy of the following materials written by the instructor:
- “POWER GENERATION HANDBOOK” published by McGraw-Hill in 2012 (800 pages)
- “POWER PLANT EQUIPMENT OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDE” published by McGraw-Hill in 2012 (800 pages)
- Practical Circulating Fluidized Bed manual (300 pages)
The PDDP Distance Education program works as follows:
You will receive the course notes in hard copy through the online website, you will receive a set of notes each week covering the course material.
A one hour video-conference session will be conducted by your instructor each week (if required). The objective of this session is to assist in solving the assignments, as well as answer student questions that should be sent to instructor early enough prior to the meeting time. In addition with being able to communicate with the instructor, you will also be able to communicate with other students in the same class and watch their questions being answered as well. (A high speed internet connection is strongly recommended for this feature).
Each set of exercises can be completed and submitted by the indicated date and your completed exercise will be marked online and and returned by your instructor.
To gain the most from your course, it is highly recommended that you participate fully in all discussions and exercises. Please remember that each course has a form of quiz or exercise at the end to test your understanding of the material. You will be informed of these dates when you receive the course schedule.
*Course commencement date is subject to instructor availability.
Philip Kiameh
Philip Kiameh, M.A.Sc., B.Eng., D.Eng., P.Eng. (Canada) has been a teacher at University of Toronto and Dalhousie University, Canada for more than 24 years. In addition, Prof Kiameh has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. Prof Kiameh has been consistently ranked as "Excellent" or "Very Good" by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. Prof Kiameh wrote 5 books for working engineers from which three have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by Prof Kiameh:
- Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011.
- Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003.
- Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012.
- Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999).
- Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999).
Prof. Kiameh has received the following awards:
- The first "Excellence in Teaching" award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996).
- The "Excellence in Teaching Award" in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East).
- Awarded graduation “With Distinction” from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983).
- Entrance Scholarship to University of Ottawa (1984).
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Counsel (NSERC) scholarship towards graduate studies – Master of Applied Science in Engineering (1984 – 1985).
Prof. Kiameh performed research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. He also has more than 30 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (formerly, Ontario Hydro - the largest electric utility in North America).
While working at Ontario Hydro, Prof. Kiameh acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time that Prof Kiameh worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment.
Later, Prof Kiameh worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by Prof Kiameh covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations.
Professor Philip Kiameh was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree "with distinction" from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada.
Advantages of CFB Boilers, Components of CFB Boilers, Typical Arrangements of CFB Boilers, Hydrodynamics in CFB Boilers, Combustion in CFB Boilers, Heat Transfer in CFB Boilers, Design of CFB Boilers, CFB Boiler Operation, Maintenance of CFB Boilers, CFB Boiler Safety, Control Systems of CFB Boilers, Common Problems and Solutions of CFB Boilers, Components, Operational Performance, Efficiencies, Availability and Reliability, Operational Flexibility, Fuel flexibility, Environmental Performance, Methods Used to Improve the Heat Rate, Supercritical Once-through Internal Recirculation-Circulating Fluidized-Bed (IR-CFB) Boilers for Power Generation, Ultra Supercritical Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boilers
- Advantages of circulating fluidized bed combustion
- Circulating fluidized bed combustion technology
- Development of circulating fluidized bed boilers
- Components of CFB boilers: wind box and grid nozzle, bottom ash drain, HP blower, cyclone separator, evaporative or superheat wing walls, fuel feeding system, refractory, solid recycle system (loop seal), wall tubes, kick out, limestone and sand system
- Typical arrangements of CFB boilers
- Hydrodynamic in CFB boilers: particle classification, regimes of fluidization, fast fluidization
- Combustion in CFB boilers: coal properties for CFB boiler, stage of combustion, factors affecting combustion efficiency, combustion in CFB, biomass combustion
- Heat transfer in CFB boilers: gas to particle heat transfer, heat transfer in CFB boiler
- Design of CFB boilers: design and required data, combustion calculations, heat and mass balance, furnace design, cyclone separator
- CFB boiler operation: Requirements before starting, grid pressure drop test, cold start procedure, fill boiler procedure, start fan, boiler interlock, purge, start-up burner, drum and DA low level cut off, boiler warm-up, normal operation, normal shutdown, hot shutdown, hot restart,
- Malfunction and emergency: bed pressure, bed temperature, circulation, tube leak, drum level
- Maintenance of CFB boilers: Requirements before maintenance work, overview boiler maintenance, windbox inspection, furnace inspection, kick-out inspection, superheat (wingwalls), superheat (omega tube), roof inspection, inlet separator, steam drum, separator, outlet separator, screen tube, superheat tube, economizer inspection, air heater
- Basic boiler safety: warnings, general safety precaution, equipment entry, operating precautions
- CFB boiler control systems: Basic control, furnace control, main pressure control, main steam pressure control, drum level control, feed tank control, solid fuel control, HP blower control, primary air control, secondary air control, oxygen control, fuel oil control
- Boiler commissioning procedure
- Common problems and solutions of CFB boilers: wear problems in the boiler furnace, wastage in the boiler, thermally induced failures, anchor system induced failures, water wall tube failures (near lignite and subentry area), water wall tube failures at penthouse, main causes of tube failures, remedial actions, NMEJ failures, fitting of dust seal trap, clinker formation, remedial action taken, refractory damage, areas of major refractory damages, refractory damage in cyclones, APH tube chock-up, refractory failures at start-up burner and lignite entry area, chock-up in HP section
- Circulating fluidized bed combustion boilers
- Circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler and polishing scrubber
- Circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler combustor
- Circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler solid separation system
- Superheaters
- Economizers
- Reheaters
- Convective backpass
- Internal and external heat exchangers
- Fuel and sorbent feeding systems
- Air feeding and distribution system
- Bottom ash handling and extraction system
- Combustors of circulating fluidized bed boilers
- Cyclones of circulating fluidized bed boilers
- Circulating fluidized bed boiler process flow diagrams
- Status of the technology
- Operational performance
- Efficiencies
- Availability and reliability
- Operational flexibility
- Fuel flexibility
- Environmental performance
- Plant Sizes
- Steam conditions
- Design variants
- Applications
- Developments in circulating fluidized bed combustion
- Furnace design
- Furnace dimensions
- Lower furnace designs
- Solid separation systems
- Cyclones
- Impact separators
- Sidewall membrane panels
- Optimized arrangement of solid separators
- External heat exchangers
- Scale-up
- Advanced circulating fluidized bed steam cycle with once-through boiler technology
- Availability and reliability
- Fluidized bed ash coolers
- Co-combustion
- Conclusions
- Status of circulating fluidized bed technology
- Operational performance
- Applications
- Recent developments in circulating fluidized bed combustion technology
- Scaling-up
- Advanced steam cycle with once-through boiler technology
- Other developments
- Oxy-fuel circulating fluidized bed combustion technology
- Oxy-circulating fluidized bed boiler design challenges
- Developments in oxy-circulating fluidized bed combustion
- Performance and costs
- Oxy-pulverized coal versus oxy-circulating fluidized bed boilers
- Methods used to improve the heat rate of circulating fluidized bed boilers
- Supercritical Once-Through Internal Recirculation-Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers (IR-CFB) Boilers for Power Generation
- IR-CFB Technology
- Segmented U-beam particle separators
- Proven design features
- High solid collection efficiency
- Controlled furnace temperature
- Low auxiliary power
- Uniform gas flow
- High solid separator reliability
- Minimal refractory use
- Low maintenance
- Dynamic load change
- Wide turndown ratio
- Operating experience
- Reduced diameter zone (RDZ) design for erosion protection at the upper refractory edge
- New commercial projects
- Arrangement of circulating fluidized bed boilers
- New developments in circulating fluidized bed design
- 300 MW IR-CFB boiler
- Supercritical once-through circulating fluidized bed with in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX)
- Internal Bed Heat Exchanger
- Supercritical once-through circulating fluidized bed design study
- Water and steam circuitry
- Flue gas path
- Reheat temperature control
- In-bed heat exchanger development
- In-bed heat exchanger design
- Open-bottom bed drain system
- Conclusions
- Ultra supercritical circulating fluidized bed boilers
- Efficient combustion and fuel flexibility
- Low Inherent NOX emissions at 50 – 200 Mg/NM3
- Low SO2 emissions with 95 – 98% sulfur removal
- Product specifications
Start-up System of CFB Boiler, Start-up, Load Operation & Shutdown, Operation Controls, Testing and Commissioning of CFB Boiler and Auxiliaries, Commissioning Stages of the Boiler and Auxiliaries, Pre-commissioning Checks, Trial Run of Equipment, Pre-Commissioning Tests, Alkali Boil Out, Thermal Flow Tests, Chemical Cleaning of the Boiler, Steam Boiling, Safety Valve Setting, Hydraulic Test and Wet Preservation, Air testing of Pressure parts, Air and Gas Tightness Test, Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP): Components and Operation, Rapping System, Rectifier Transformer, SCR Controller, Current Limiting Reactor, High Frequency Choke, Commissioning and Testing of ESP, Commissioning procedure of electrical and mechanical equipment inside the ESP, Gas Distribution Test, Air Load Test of ESP
- Circulating fluidized bed boiler start-up burner, flame monitors, automation and instrumentation, purge, start-up burner basic logic, control principles
- Fuel oil pressure control, interlocking, troubleshooting, safety, starting problems of the burner, remedy, maintenance instructions, electric ignitor, flame detecting equipment, maintenance during shutdown, safety instructions
- Cold start-up, differential pressure test, bed material filling, burner start-up procedure, burner management system (BMS), furnace purging, natural gas firing, boiler pressurizing, coal firing, steam line charging for first boiler
- Operation Controls, bed temperature control, solid inventory control, furnace inventory control, part-load operation
- Hot start-up, warm start-up, boiler shutdown, emergency shutdown, fuel analysis, bed material specification, limestone, recommended feedwater quality
- Testing and commissioning of CFB boiler and auxiliaries, commissioning stages of the boiler and auxiliaries, pre-commissioning checks, trial run of equipment, pre-commissioning tests, alkali boil out, thermal flow tests, chemical cleaning of the boiler, steam boiling, safety valve setting
- Commissioning of the boiler, reliability run of the boiler, typical boiler commissioning schedule
- Hydraulic test and wet preservation, purpose of the boiler hydrostatic pressure test, regulatory requirements for the boiler hydrostatic pressure test, state of the plant
- Air testing of pressure parts, boiler hydrostatic pressure test procedure, stage 1, hydrostatic pressure test of pressure parts, completion criterion for the boiler hydrostatic pressure test, Dry or wet preservation of the boiler
- Air and gas tightness test, test procedure, zones tested by the air and gas tightness test, furnace zone, second pass of boiler zone, electrostatic precipitator zone, forced draft fan ducts zone, hot air duct, cold air duct, primary air fan ducts zone, cold air ducts, hot air ducts, protocol on smoke generator test
- Trial run of equipment, fans, tests, constructional tests, commissioning checklist of induced draft fan, pre-commissioning tests, commissioning tests, fuel and limestone feed system, superheating system
- Electrostatic precipitators (ESP): components and operation, main components of ESP, basic diagram of ESP, rapping system of ESP, control cabinet, transformer, rectifier, hopper
- Main processes of an ESP, operation of an ESP, dust collection efficiency and electrical resistivity of dust, rectifier transformer, spark reaction, tripping, discharge electrodes
- ESP collecting electrodes, gas distribution system, rapping system, collecting rapping system, emitting rapping system, rapping system for distribution screen
- Rapper (electrostatic precipitation), rappers and precipitators, types of rappers, mechanical rappers, pneumatic rappers, tumbling hammers, design considerations
- ESP rectifier transformer, principle of operation, back corona, field short, voltage-current characteristics, parameters affecting the performance of ESP: gas temperature, moisture content, dust particle size, dust resistivity, rapping frequency, components of rectifier transformers
- SCR controller, transformer unit, current limiting reactor, rectifier diode assembly, high frequency choke
- Resistance board assembly – feedback signal for control and monitoring, mA feedback, kV feedback signal
- Insulating oil, characteristics of silicon oil, principle of operation, uni-pulse/semi-pulse mode, charge ratio, spark control rate, field current setting, specification – stage II transformers, transformer connections, open circuit test – BHEL transformer, short circuit test – BHEL transformer, acceptance test, fault detection
- Measures to be taken for avoiding frequent transformer failures
- Commissioning and testing of ESP, commissioning procedure of the electrical equipment inside the ESP, commissioning of the control system
- ESP no-load field charging test, transformer tests, open circuit test on transformer, short circuit test on transformer, insulation resistance of cables
- Commissioning procedure of the mechanical equipment inside the ESP, pre-commissioning checks – mechanical, gas distribution wall – bottom gaps and provision of inspection doors
- Before first light up of the boiler, gas distribution test, air load test of ESP
Steam Power Plants, Steam Generators, Steam Turbines, and Steam Turbine Auxiliaries
- Steam Power Plants
- Steam Generators
- Steam Turbines
- Reheaters
- Condensers
- Feedwater Heaters
- Efficiency and Heat Rate
- Supercritical Plants
- Co-generation Plants
- Arrangement of Co-generation plants
- Economics of Co-generation Plants
- The Fire-Tube Boiler
- The Water-Tube Boiler
- The Steam Drum
- Superheaters and Reheaters
- Once-Through Boilers
- Economizers
- Fans
- The Stack
- Steam Generator Control
- Feedwater and Drum-Level Control
- Steam-Pressure Control
- Steam-Temperature Control
- Mechanisms of Energy Conversion in a Steam Turbine
- Turbine components
- Rotating and Stationary blades
- Thrust bearings
- Labyrinth seals
- Turbine controls
- Testing of Turbine blades
- Quality Assurance of Turbine Generator Components
- Assembly and testing of turbine components
- Turbine Types
- Compound Turbines
- Turbine Control Systems
- Steam Turbine Maintenance
- Steam Generators, Heat Exchangers, and Condensers
- Power Station Performance Monitoring
- The Turbine Governing Systems
- Steam Chests and Valves
- Turbine Protective Devices
- Turbine Instrumentation
- Lubrication Systems
- Gland Sealing System
- Frequently Asked Questions about Turbine-Generator Balancing, Vibration Analysis and Maintenance
- Features Enhancing The Reliability and Maintainability of Steam Turbines
Pump Categories, Centrifugal Pumps, Centrifugal Pump Mechanical seals,
Positive Displacement Pumps, Troubleshooting of Pumps, Pump Selection, Pumping System Calculations, Gas Laws, and Compressor Types and Applications, Performance of Positive Displacement Compressors, Reciprocating Compressors, Diaphragm Compressors, Dynamic Compressors, Dynamic Compressors Performance, Surge Prevention Systems and Testing, Choking, and Anti-choking Systems, Surge Limit, Stonewall, Prevention of Surge, Anti-Surge Control Systems, Compressor Seals, Dry Seals, Compress System Calculations,
Sizing of Compressor System Components, Vibration Analysis and Predictive
Maintenance
- Pump Categories: Dynamic (Centrifugal) and Positive Displacement (Reciprocating and Rotary)
- Centrifugal Pumps: Operation, Casings and Diffusers, Hydrostatic Pressure Tests, Impellers, Hydraulic Balancing Devices, Mechanical Seals, Minimum Flow Requirement, Performance Characteristics, Cavitation, and Net positive Suction Head
- Maintenance Recommended for Centrifugal Pumps
- Vibration Analysis and Predictive Maintenance
- Centrifugal Pump Mechanical Seals, Basic Components, Seal balance, Face Pressure, Pressure-Velocity, Power Consumption, Temperature Control
- Seal Lubrication/Leakage, Single Inside Pusher Seal, Classification of Seals by Arrangements, Classifications of Seals by Design, Materials of Construction
- Applications, Types of Mechanical Seals, Common Failure Modes of Seals, Seal Refurbishment, Gland Plates and Piping Arrangements
- Installation and Troubleshooting of Mechanical Seals
- Reciprocating Pumps, Piston Pumps, Plunger Pumps, Rotary Pumps, Screw Pumps, Two- and Three-Lobe Pumps
- Cam Pumps, Vane Pumps, Bellows-Type Metering Pumps
- Diaphragm Pumps
- Canned Motor Pumps, Seal-less Pump Motors
- Pump Maintenance, Inspection, Overhaul, Diagnoses of Pump Troubles
- Troubleshooting of Centrifugal Pumps
- Troubleshooting of Rotary Pumps
- Troubleshooting of Reciprocating Pumps
- Water Hammer
- Pump Selection
- Pumping System Calculations
- Workshop: Design and selection of Different Pumping Systems for the Oil and Gas Industry, and the Power Generation Industry
- Diagnostics of Pumping Systems
- Pump Drivers
- Motors
- Variable-Frequency Drives
- Perfect and Imperfect Gases
- Compressor Polytropic Efficiency and Power Requirements
- Compressor Volumetric Flow Rate and Volumetric Efficiency
- Rotary and Reciprocating Compressors
- Dynamic Compressors (Centrifugal and Axial)
- Compressor Performance Measurement
- Receivers, Compressor Control, and Compressor Unloading Systems
- Preventive Maintenance and Housekeeping
- Performance of Positive Displacement Compressors
- Reciprocating Compressors
- Reciprocating Compressors Troubleshooting and Maintenance
- Diaphragm Compressors
- Rotary Screw Compressors and Filter Separators
- Straight Lobe Compressors
- Recent Developments in Liquid/Gas Separation Technology
- Dynamic Compressor Technology
- Centrifugal and Axial Compressors
- Simplifies Equations for Determining the Performance of Dynamic Compressors
- Centrifugal Compressors – Components, Performance Characteristics, Balancing, Surge Prevention Systems and Testing
- Choking, and Anti-Choking Systems
- Dynamic Compressors Performance
- Surge Limit, Stonewall, Prevention of Surge, Anti-Surge Control Systems
- Compressor Seal Systems
- Gas Seals, Liquid Seals, Liquid Bushing Seals, Contact Seals, Restricted Bushing Seals, Seal Liquid leakage System
- Dry Seals, Advanced Sealing Mechanisms, and Magnetic Bearings
- Compressor System Calculations
- Sizing of Compressor System Components, Sizing of Gas Receiver
- Workshop – Case Studies: Design and Selection of Different Compressor Systems for the Oil and Gas industry, and the Power Generation Industry
- Bearings, Types of Bearings, Thrust Bearings
- Lubrication, Viscosity of Lubricants, Non-Newtonian Fluids, and Greases
- Used Oil Analysis
- Vibration Analysis and Predictive Maintenance
- Vibration Causes, Resonant Frequency, Vibration in Predictive Maintenance, Diagnostics
Transformers, Synchronous Machines, Synchronous Generators, Generator
Components, Auxiliaries and Excitation, Generator Main Connections, Double-
Feed Generators, Performance and Operation of Generators, Generator
Surveillance and Testing, Generator Inspection and Maintenance,
Generator Rotor Reliability and Life Expectancy, Circuit Breakers, Fuses,
Bearings and Lubrication, Used Oil Analysis, Vibration Analysis, Power Station
Electrical Systems and Design Requirements, Power Station Protective Systems,
Frequently Asked Questions
- Three-phase circuits, generation of three-phase power, voltages and currents in a three-phase circuit, power relationships in three-phase circuits, three-phase power equations, analysis of three-phase power systems
- Transformers, types and construction of transformers, impedance transformation through a transformer, analysis of circuits containing transformers, equivalent circuit in a transformer
- Voltage regulation, transformer efficiency, transformer taps and voltage regulators, autotransformers, three-phase transformers, transformer ratings, inrush current, instrument transformers
- Transformers’ characteristics, phase relationships, Star/Star connected transformer, basic materials, dielectrics, copper, iron, insulation, leakage reactance, core construction
- Transformer windings, transpositions, continuously-transposed strip, impulse strength, thermal considerations, performance under short-circuit
- Transformer components and maintenance, classification of transformers, dry transformers, oil-immersed transformers
- Components of a power transformer, core, windings, nitrogen demand system, conservative tank with air cell, current transformers, bushings, tap changers, insulation
- Types and features of insulation, reasons for deterioration, forces, cause of transformer failure
- Transformer oil, testing transformer oil, causes of deterioration, neutralization number test, interfacial tension test, Myers index number, transformer oil classification system, methods of dealing with bad oil, gas-in-oil
- Gas relay and collection systems, relief devices, interconnection with the grid
- Synchronous machines, physical description, synchronous machine windings, field excitation, torque tests, excitation of a synchronous machine, machine losses
- Synchronous generators, construction, synchronous generator operating alone, parallel operation of ac generators, synchronous generator ratings, synchronous generator capability curves
- Generator components, auxiliaries and excitation, the rotor, the stator, cooling systems, shaft seals and seal oil systems, excitation, the voltage regulator, the power system stabilizer, characteristics of generator exciter power systems (GEP), generator operation,
- Generator main connections, isolated phase bus bar circulatory currents, system description
- Double-feed generators, system configuration, equivalent circuit for the brushless double-fed machine, parameter extraction, generator operation, converter rating, machine control
- Generator systems, condition monitoring, operation limitations, fault conditions
- Generator surveillance and testing, generator operational checks (surveillance and monitoring), generator diagnostic testing, insulation resistance and polarization index, dc hipot test, ac tests for stator windings, synchronous machine rotor windings, partial discharge tests, mechanical tests
- Generator inspection and maintenance, on-load maintenance and monitoring, off-load maintenance, generator testing
- Generator operational problems, and refurbishment options, typical generator operational problems
- Generator rotor reliability and life expectancy, generator rotor refurbishment, generator rotor modifications, upgrades, and uprates
- Circuit Breakers, circuit breaker rating, plain break type, magnetic blow-out type, oil circuit breakers, recent developments in Circuit Breakers, vacuum circuit breakers, sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6) Circuit Breakers, maintenance and inspection of circuit breakers
- Fuses, Types of fuses, features of current limiting fuses, advantages of fuses over circuit breakers
- Bearings and Lubrication, Types of bearings, ball and roller bearings, thrust bearings, lubrication, viscosity of lubricants, greases, VI improved oils
- Used oil analysis, test description and significance, visual and sensory inspection, chemical and physical tests
- Vibration analysis, resonance, vibration instrumentation, vibration analysis, vibration causes, vibration severity
- Power station electrical systems, and design requirements, system requirements, electrical system description, system performance, unit start-up, synchronization, shutdown and power trip, power plant outages and faults, uninterruptible power supply systems, dc systems
- Power station protective systems, design criteria, generator protection, dc tripping systems
- Frequently asked questions
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